India's sericulture tradition dates back over 5,000 years, with references in ancient texts. It remains a vital industry, blending heritage with modern techniques.
Silkworms, mainly the Bombyx mori species, hatch from eggs and feed on mulberry leaves. They spin cocoons and transform into moths, completing their lifecycle in 6 weeks.
Mulberry leaves are vital for silkworms. Farmers grow mulberry plants to provide nutritious leaves, enhancing silk quality and yield. Key practices include irrigation, pruning, and pest control.
Silkworms spin cocoons from a single thread of silk. These cocoons are carefully harvested, boiled, and unwound to extract precious silk fibres for weaving.
India produces various silks, including Mulberry, Tasar, Eri, and Muga. Each type has unique qualities, with Mulberry silk being the most common and prized.
Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, and West Bengal lead in silk production. Karnataka alone contributes over 70% of India's raw silk, thanks to its extensive sericulture and favourable climate.